1 00:00:00,089 --> 00:00:01,089 G'day, guys! 2 00:00:01,089 --> 00:00:02,089 How's it going? 3 00:00:02,089 --> 00:00:07,180 My name is Pete and I'm the host of The Aussie English podcast and today I am going to teach 4 00:00:07,180 --> 00:00:11,110 you how vowels link to other vowels. 5 00:00:11,110 --> 00:00:13,190 There are three different rules, guys! 6 00:00:13,190 --> 00:00:17,070 They're pretty simple once broken down and they're going to make you sound a lot more 7 00:00:17,070 --> 00:00:19,430 like a native speaker of English. 8 00:00:19,430 --> 00:00:27,840 Ok, let's go. 9 00:00:27,840 --> 00:00:33,360 Alright so, English, as it is spoken by native speakers, is a language where we like to link 10 00:00:33,360 --> 00:00:35,310 all these words together, right? 11 00:00:35,310 --> 00:00:41,809 We don't like saying every single word separately, we like linking the words together and there 12 00:00:41,809 --> 00:00:48,290 are a few subtle sounds that we use when smoothly linking different sounds together depending 13 00:00:48,290 --> 00:00:51,660 on the types of sounds and the order in which they're said. 14 00:00:51,660 --> 00:00:54,520 They can be linked together in a number of different ways. 15 00:00:54,520 --> 00:00:58,140 Today we're going to focus on linking two vowels together whether they are within a 16 00:00:58,140 --> 00:01:02,649 word or whether they are at the end of one word and the start of another word and we're 17 00:01:02,649 --> 00:01:07,320 going to be doing this focusing on, obviously, the Australian English accent. 18 00:01:07,320 --> 00:01:12,710 So, as I just said guys, vowel and then vowel sequences, you know, where you have one and 19 00:01:12,710 --> 00:01:18,210 then the other, these can occur within words, for example: create, but they can also occur 20 00:01:18,210 --> 00:01:22,700 between words where you have a vowel sound at the end of one word and a vowel sound at 21 00:01:22,700 --> 00:01:24,740 the start of another, for example: 22 00:01:24,740 --> 00:01:25,740 He ate. 23 00:01:25,740 --> 00:01:31,389 In Australian English pronunciation we have three different ways that we can link vowels 24 00:01:31,389 --> 00:01:33,319 to other vowels ok? 25 00:01:33,319 --> 00:01:41,119 And they are the /y/ sound, the /w/ sound and the /r/ sound, which ones do we use this? 26 00:01:41,119 --> 00:01:43,719 Depends on the first vowel. 27 00:01:43,719 --> 00:01:49,669 The easy bit ok, the easy bit is that many words whether these two vowels are occurring 28 00:01:49,669 --> 00:01:55,029 within the word or whether you have the first vowel at the end of the word, many words show 29 00:01:55,029 --> 00:02:01,469 you which linking sound you need to use, where they already end with the letter for that 30 00:02:01,469 --> 00:02:03,789 linking sound, for example: 31 00:02:03,789 --> 00:02:13,799 Rear ends with an R, play ends with a Y, bow ends with a W. However, don't just rely on 32 00:02:13,799 --> 00:02:19,719 the spelling in English, as I am sure you are very much aware, the spelling in English 33 00:02:19,719 --> 00:02:26,290 often does not reflect the pronunciation of the word that is spelt that way, right? 34 00:02:26,290 --> 00:02:31,250 So, for example: Low rhymes with Faux and Dough. 35 00:02:31,250 --> 00:02:35,209 Day rhymes with Cafe and Weigh. 36 00:02:35,209 --> 00:02:38,730 My rhymes with Thigh and Thai. 37 00:02:38,730 --> 00:02:42,060 And For rhymes with Law and Corps. 38 00:02:42,060 --> 00:02:47,540 So, you can see spelling can help, but it can also be a hindrance sometimes so you just 39 00:02:47,540 --> 00:02:52,709 need to practice the sounds and know what those sounds are when you say a word, even 40 00:02:52,709 --> 00:02:54,160 if it has shitty spelling. 41 00:02:54,160 --> 00:02:59,250 Alright, so let's go through the three different linking sounds when we have a vowel followed 42 00:02:59,250 --> 00:03:00,569 by another vowel. 43 00:03:00,569 --> 00:03:07,040 So, as I stated, which sound you use depends on the sound of the first vowel and the subsequent 44 00:03:07,040 --> 00:03:11,140 shape of the mouth after that vowel. 45 00:03:11,140 --> 00:03:12,150 Number one: 46 00:03:12,150 --> 00:03:16,269 The /y/ sound, the /y/ sound is used to link two. 47 00:03:16,269 --> 00:03:22,519 Vowels when the first vowel has left the lips wide and the tongue high in the position of 48 00:03:22,519 --> 00:03:25,980 the mouth so for vowels such as: 49 00:03:25,980 --> 00:03:27,349 i 50 00:03:27,349 --> 00:03:28,719 aei 51 00:03:28,719 --> 00:03:30,090 ae 52 00:03:30,090 --> 00:03:31,459 oi 53 00:03:31,459 --> 00:03:36,579 Now let me just add that little Y sound on the end and emphasise these. 54 00:03:36,579 --> 00:03:38,170 iy 55 00:03:38,170 --> 00:03:39,170 aeiy 56 00:03:39,170 --> 00:03:40,910 aey 57 00:03:40,910 --> 00:03:43,030 oiy 58 00:03:43,030 --> 00:03:47,239 So, for example: 59 00:03:47,239 --> 00:03:49,709 He‿y‿ate the food 60 00:03:49,709 --> 00:03:54,090 He‿y‿ate the food 61 00:03:54,090 --> 00:03:58,650 Play‿y‿outside kids 62 00:03:58,650 --> 00:04:06,889 Play‿y‿outside kids 63 00:04:06,889 --> 00:04:11,489 I lie‿y‿a lot 64 00:04:11,489 --> 00:04:12,489 I lie‿y‿a lot 65 00:04:12,489 --> 00:04:17,199 Enjoy‿y‿it 66 00:04:17,199 --> 00:04:22,060 Enjoy‿y‿it 67 00:04:22,060 --> 00:04:27,030 You'll notice that I'm emphasising it first and then I'm showing you how I would say this 68 00:04:27,030 --> 00:04:31,090 a little more subtly when I speak naturally ok? 69 00:04:31,090 --> 00:04:33,650 Number two: the linking /w/ sound. 70 00:04:33,650 --> 00:04:39,830 So, the linking /w/ is used when the vowel sound, that first vowel sound, has ended with 71 00:04:39,830 --> 00:04:40,830 the lips 72 00:04:40,830 --> 00:04:45,680 Contracted so they're in the shape of and obviously they can't contract anymore. 73 00:04:45,680 --> 00:04:52,479 They have to retract and so you end up with a /w/ sound so, the /w/ sound follows the 74 00:04:52,479 --> 00:04:53,740 vowels: 75 00:04:53,740 --> 00:04:55,000 ʉː 76 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:56,260 əʉ 77 00:04:56,260 --> 00:04:57,530 æɔ 78 00:04:57,530 --> 00:05:00,669 As you can see they all end with the lips very round. 79 00:05:00,669 --> 00:05:07,060 So, I'll just do that again and I'm going to emphasise the w /w/ sound at the ends of 80 00:05:07,060 --> 00:05:11,319 each of those vowels, ok? 81 00:05:11,319 --> 00:05:12,590 ʉːw 82 00:05:12,590 --> 00:05:13,870 əʉw 83 00:05:13,870 --> 00:05:15,139 æɔw 84 00:05:15,139 --> 00:05:19,880 So, just retract the lips to get that /w/ sound. 85 00:05:19,880 --> 00:05:28,470 Alright, so for example: 86 00:05:28,470 --> 00:05:30,370 It blew‿w‿up 87 00:05:30,370 --> 00:05:34,190 It blew‿w‿up 88 00:05:34,190 --> 00:05:36,090 Ciao‿w‿everyone 89 00:05:36,090 --> 00:05:38,000 Ciao‿w‿everyone 90 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:40,660 Low‿w‿and lazy 91 00:05:40,660 --> 00:05:45,099 Low‿w‿and lazy 92 00:05:45,099 --> 00:05:49,210 Alright! 93 00:05:49,210 --> 00:05:50,210 Number three now. 94 00:05:50,210 --> 00:05:51,660 This is a two-for-one. 95 00:05:51,660 --> 00:05:52,660 This is a two-for-one. 96 00:05:52,660 --> 00:06:00,560 We have the linking R and we have the intrusive R. Why do we have these in Australian English? 97 00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:04,410 And if you've learned American English, you may not see these so Australian English is 98 00:06:04,410 --> 00:06:06,500 a dialect of English that is 99 00:06:06,500 --> 00:06:15,039 Non-rhotic meaning that we do not pronounce the R sound unless the R is followed by a 100 00:06:15,039 --> 00:06:20,330 vowel sound whether within a word or whether the R is at the end of the word and the next 101 00:06:20,330 --> 00:06:22,070 word starts with a vowel sound. 102 00:06:22,070 --> 00:06:23,990 So, for example: 103 00:06:23,990 --> 00:06:25,000 Red 104 00:06:25,000 --> 00:06:26,000 Orange 105 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:28,240 Wore‿r‿it 106 00:06:28,240 --> 00:06:30,970 Her‿r‿offer 107 00:06:30,970 --> 00:06:37,830 The R is not said its left silent if the R is followed by a consonant or by no sound 108 00:06:37,830 --> 00:06:39,990 at all, for instance: 109 00:06:39,990 --> 00:06:41,370 Word 110 00:06:41,370 --> 00:06:42,729 Car 111 00:06:42,729 --> 00:06:43,729 Wore down 112 00:06:43,729 --> 00:06:47,419 Her school 113 00:06:47,419 --> 00:06:48,530 This is a big thing. 114 00:06:48,530 --> 00:06:53,610 If you are wanting to replicate an Australian accent because we just won't say that R, ok? 115 00:06:53,610 --> 00:06:58,889 So, if you're an American or if you are a foreign English language learner, ignore the 116 00:06:58,889 --> 00:07:01,920 Rs if they are not followed by a vowel. 117 00:07:01,920 --> 00:07:02,920 Ok? 118 00:07:02,920 --> 00:07:05,169 They generally just make the vowel sound long 119 00:07:05,169 --> 00:07:09,949 The linking R is used when it's at the end of a word or at the end of a syllable and 120 00:07:09,949 --> 00:07:15,979 the next syllable or the next word activates it because that word starts with a vowel sound. 121 00:07:15,979 --> 00:07:19,759 So, for example: wore it 122 00:07:19,759 --> 00:07:20,979 Her‿r‿offer 123 00:07:20,979 --> 00:07:23,409 The barber‿r‿asked 124 00:07:23,409 --> 00:07:27,979 Click the link above and you will be able to check out my video on the linking R 125 00:07:27,979 --> 00:07:32,449 Now let's talk about the intrusive R. So, the intrusive R is used when we insert that 126 00:07:32,449 --> 00:07:37,930 between two vowel sounds despite the spelling of the first word not including an R in that 127 00:07:37,930 --> 00:07:39,030 word. 128 00:07:39,030 --> 00:07:40,430 It's the vowel sound, guys. 129 00:07:40,430 --> 00:07:43,370 It's the sound of the vowel that matters, remember, not the spelling. 130 00:07:43,370 --> 00:07:44,650 So, for instance 131 00:07:44,650 --> 00:07:47,610 Law‿r‿and order 132 00:07:47,610 --> 00:07:50,570 Australia‿r‿is big 133 00:07:50,570 --> 00:07:55,879 Again, click above, guys, and you will see the video that goes into depth on the intrusive 134 00:07:55,879 --> 00:07:56,879 R. 135 00:07:56,879 --> 00:08:02,370 Ok, so we use an R sound, whether it's the intrusive R or linking R, with the following 136 00:08:02,370 --> 00:08:07,550 vowel sounds. 137 00:08:07,550 --> 00:08:14,940 So, for example: 138 00:08:14,940 --> 00:08:20,199 The bar‿r‿is open. 139 00:08:20,199 --> 00:08:23,500 The bar‿r‿is open. 140 00:08:23,500 --> 00:08:27,639 Cuba‿r‿is a country. 141 00:08:27,639 --> 00:08:33,220 Cuba‿r‿is a country. 142 00:08:33,220 --> 00:08:36,450 Blur‿r‿everything. 143 00:08:36,450 --> 00:08:39,690 Blur‿r‿everything. 144 00:08:39,690 --> 00:08:43,010 Draw‿r‿it bigger 145 00:08:43,010 --> 00:08:50,580 Draw‿r‿it bigger. 146 00:08:50,580 --> 00:08:55,540 The pier‿r‿is long. 147 00:08:55,540 --> 00:09:04,580 The pier‿r‿is long. 148 00:09:04,580 --> 00:09:07,440 A pair‿r‿of cats. 149 00:09:07,440 --> 00:09:11,340 A pair‿r‿of cats. 150 00:09:11,340 --> 00:09:12,640 Insure‿r‿it. 151 00:09:12,640 --> 00:09:13,940 Insure‿r‿it. 152 00:09:13,940 --> 00:09:17,850 Alright, good job! 153 00:09:17,850 --> 00:09:23,260 That wasn't easy, it comes with time, but now the important bit, how can you guys learn 154 00:09:23,260 --> 00:09:28,940 how to do these intuitively, spontaneously, subconsciously like a native speaker of English? 155 00:09:28,940 --> 00:09:30,440 So, what do you think the trick is? 156 00:09:30,440 --> 00:09:33,220 The trick is there's no trick! 157 00:09:33,220 --> 00:09:36,510 Repetition, repetition, repetition, guys! 158 00:09:36,510 --> 00:09:42,530 In order to learn anything intuitively, you have to do it again, again again and you have 159 00:09:42,530 --> 00:09:46,180 to do it in a way where you can slowly learn these rules. 160 00:09:46,180 --> 00:09:50,740 You're not just guessing and then eventually it just becomes spontaneous kind of like grammar, 161 00:09:50,740 --> 00:09:51,740 right? 162 00:09:51,740 --> 00:09:55,470 You don't think about that anymore at least at this level for the present tense, 163 00:09:55,470 --> 00:09:57,810 You're not going to think “do I need to conjugate in the present tense?” 164 00:09:57,810 --> 00:09:59,020 You just do it, right? 165 00:09:59,020 --> 00:10:03,340 So, you need to learn to make these sounds intuitively, you want to do it naturally, 166 00:10:03,340 --> 00:10:06,130 you want to do it spontaneously like a native speaker. 167 00:10:06,130 --> 00:10:10,910 I will give you somewhere to go where you can do a bunch of exercises after this quiz 168 00:10:10,910 --> 00:10:11,910 ok? 169 00:10:11,910 --> 00:10:16,600 So, I'm going to read out ten different phrases and I want you to listen and see if you can 170 00:10:16,600 --> 00:10:23,090 hear is it a /y/ a /w/ or a /r/ sound that is linking the two vowels in these sentences? 171 00:10:23,090 --> 00:10:28,470 Ok, let's go! 172 00:10:28,470 --> 00:10:32,220 Go away! 173 00:10:32,220 --> 00:10:35,760 Go‿w‿away! 174 00:10:35,760 --> 00:10:37,570 The elephant. 175 00:10:37,570 --> 00:10:39,150 The‿y‿elephant. 176 00:10:39,150 --> 00:10:41,960 Throw it out! 177 00:10:41,960 --> 00:10:47,040 Throw‿w‿It out! 178 00:10:47,040 --> 00:10:50,200 They all came. 179 00:10:50,200 --> 00:10:55,460 They‿y‿all came. 180 00:10:55,460 --> 00:10:58,540 Draw it for me. 181 00:10:58,540 --> 00:11:04,070 Draw‿r‿it for me. 182 00:11:04,070 --> 00:11:06,690 Lie on the bed. 183 00:11:06,690 --> 00:11:13,310 Lie‿y‿on the bed. 184 00:11:13,310 --> 00:11:18,160 Grow up, James! 185 00:11:18,160 --> 00:11:22,790 Grow‿w‿up, James! 186 00:11:22,790 --> 00:11:27,270 The puma is mine. 187 00:11:27,270 --> 00:11:32,650 The puma‿r‿is mine. 188 00:11:32,650 --> 00:11:35,180 Where are you going? 189 00:11:35,180 --> 00:11:39,740 Where‿r‿are you going? 190 00:11:39,740 --> 00:11:46,180 There's no other option. 191 00:11:46,180 --> 00:11:47,550 There's no‿w‿other‿r‿option. 192 00:11:47,550 --> 00:11:51,630 Amazing job, guys! 193 00:11:51,630 --> 00:11:52,630 Amazing job! 194 00:11:52,630 --> 00:11:57,250 I hope you did well on that quiz now that you have learned these three different rules 195 00:11:57,250 --> 00:12:01,960 for how to link a vowel and another vowel in spoken English. 196 00:12:01,960 --> 00:12:06,370 Once again, guys, please do not just try to memorise these rules you don't want to just 197 00:12:06,370 --> 00:12:11,780 rely on your memory when speaking spontaneously like this you just don't have time to remember 198 00:12:11,780 --> 00:12:15,780 every time you need to link two words with two vowel sounds, ok? 199 00:12:15,780 --> 00:12:17,470 So, what do you need to do? 200 00:12:17,470 --> 00:12:22,200 Alright, so here's the deal if you want to learn to use these subconsciously, spontaneously 201 00:12:22,200 --> 00:12:27,850 and naturally like a native speaker,, make sure that you sign up to The Aussie English 202 00:12:27,850 --> 00:12:33,100 Classroom, I have a spoken English course in there where I take you through dozens of 203 00:12:33,100 --> 00:12:38,040 different exercises to help you improve your spoken English and most importantly I take 204 00:12:38,040 --> 00:12:40,800 you through exercises for all of the different sounds 205 00:12:40,800 --> 00:12:42,920 that you heard today in today's video 206 00:12:42,920 --> 00:12:48,270 So, join up now guys, there is a link below and you will be able to sign up to your 30-day 207 00:12:48,270 --> 00:12:54,110 trial and you will also get access to my 50 other advanced English courses you can access 208 00:12:54,110 --> 00:12:59,540 all of them, aside from that, guys, I am Pete the host of the Aussie English Podcast, make 209 00:12:59,540 --> 00:13:03,640 sure that you download this podcast if you are trying to get to an advanced level in 210 00:13:03,640 --> 00:13:04,640 English. 211 00:13:04,640 --> 00:13:09,920 It is free via any good podcast application, you can use it on your phone, anywhere, anytime 212 00:13:09,920 --> 00:13:13,410 and aside from that, thank you so much for joining me and I hope to see you in the next 213 00:13:13,410 --> 00:13:14,410 video. 214 00:13:14,410 --> 00:13:14,450 Peace out!